Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gary F. Keller Title: LINKAGES BETWEEN CEO COMPENSATION, NET INCOME AND STOCK PRICES Abstract: Calculating the economic value that a CEO contributes to the worth of a corporation is seemingly a moot point. However, recent reporting changes regarding executive compensation has attracted widespread investor and public attention to this subject. Regardless of the industry, place in the economic/industry cycle the issue of analyzing if a CEO’s annual compensation is directly correlated to yearly increases or decreases in an enterprise’s value is a topic that few outside the boards of directors’ corporate compensation committees clearly understand. The purpose of this 2015 quantitative research project was to follow-up a previous research project conducted in 2011 to investigate if any linkage exists between the annual salaries of the CEOs of public traded firms in the State of Wisconsin, USA and increases/decreases in the price of their corporations’ stock price and net income. The results of the 2015 research indicate that statistically significant relationships existed between the annual salaries of the CEOs of public traded firms in the State of Wisconsin, USA and increases/decreases in the price of their corporations’ stock price and net income. This conclusion is different from the 2011 research findings. Classification-JEL: M120 Keywords: CEO, Compensation, Employee Participation, Executive Compensation, Executives, Personnel Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 1-9 Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v10n1-2016/GJBR-V10N1-2016-1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:10:y:2016:i:1:p:1-9 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jocelyne Abraham Author-Name: Stéphane Renaud Author-Name: Jean-Yves Saulquin Title: RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT, ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND RETENTION: EVIDENCE FROM HIGH-POTENTIAL EMPLOYEES Abstract: This study examines the effects of perceived organizational support on high-potential employees’ intention to stay with their organization in the short-, medium- and long-term, through the mediating effect of organizational commitment. Data derive from an online survey conducted among a sample of 221 highpotential employees working in organizations in the Centre-Val de Loire Region (France). Statistical analyses were conducted using the Macro MEDIATE developed by Hayes and Preacher (2014). In short, results revealed that the effect of organizational support on high-potential employees’ intention to stay varies according to the three time points and suggest that the effect actually progresses over time. Classification-JEL: M540 Keywords: Organizational Support; Intent to Stay; Retention; Organizational Commitment; Human Resource Management Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 11-26 Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v10n1-2016/GJBR-V10N1-2016-2.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:10:y:2016:i:1:p:11-26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Beatriz Alicia Leyva Osuna Author-Name: HEctor Guadalupe Marquez Ortiz Author-Name: Sergio Ochoa Jimenez Author-Name: Carlos Armando Jacobo Hernandez Title: ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIES FOR SMALL & MEDIUM SIZED ENTERPRISES Abstract: This paper is a descriptive research to identify the types of strategies used by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), to provide a main competitive factor. Data collection involved two instruments, taken from Vezina (2011). We use an interview guide and questionnaire to directors and/or managers. We used the strategies typology of Miles and Snow (1978). Evidence shows that managers of small and medium enterprises for the most part, adopted a strategy that adapts to the environment. We further find that exploring and analyzing strategies were the most representative for small businesses, defined by staying in a more dynamic environment. Midsize companies adopt further to the analyzing type, characterized by trying to minimize risks and maximize profits in a safer environment and always supported by an administrative management system. Classification-JEL: L10, L25, L60, M10 Keywords: Small and Medium Sized Company, Strategy, Organization Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 27-40 Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v10n1-2016/GJBR-V10N1-2016-3.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:10:y:2016:i:1:p:27-40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karl Thompson Author-Name: Jon K. Webber Title: LEADERSHIP BEST PRACTICES AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY STUDY Abstract: This phenomenological study explored leadership best practices among senior managers at a major telecommunications organization in to determine the perceived effects that such routines had on actual employee performance. The study took place in State of Georgia in the United States from January 16 to February 18, 2014 and involved ten selected managers who held the role of customer service manager for a minimum of 2 years and were identified as a top performer based on the ranking and rating reports from the organization’s data. The major themes that emerged centered around four major areas: (1) employeeoriented perspective of best leadership practices, (2) performance perspective of best leadership practices, (3) process perspective of best leadership practices, (4) learning and growth perspective of best leadership practices. It was determined that leaders should create a working environment where there is increased employee engagement and participation; communicate goals, gain employee understanding, and apply communication styles that fit the need of each employee at all levels; identify and plan opportunities of growth for employees through training and development; recognize the importance of personally engaging with their employees; and, understand the importance of having regular meetings to update employees about new products and services. Classification-JEL: M10, M12, M15, M53, M54 Keywords: Telecommunications, Leadership, Best Practices, Employee Engagement, Training, Employee Performance, Training Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 41-54 Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v10n1-2016/GJBR-V10N1-2016-4.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:10:y:2016:i:1:p:41-54 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laurent Arnone Author-Name: Elodie Deprince Title: SMALL FIRMS INTERNATIONALIZATION: REDUCING THE PSYCHIC DISTANCE USING SOCIAL NETWORKS Abstract: This article investigates the role of social networking sites in the internationalization of small businesses. More specifically, we explore the effect social networks have on the level of psychic distance and how these new tools are used in order to reduce the perceived risk and strengthen business relationships. The multiple case study based on a two-year observation period shows that, besides their cost advantage in terms of advertising and communication, social networks support crucial marketing efforts such as the identification of new business opportunities and foster the development of professional and personal relationships with foreign partners. In turn, these tools facilitate and sometimes, accelerate, the internationalization of small businesses by lowering the perceived risks and the psychic distance characterizing new foreign markets. Classification-JEL: M30 Keywords: Small Businesses, Social Networks, Relationships, Internationalization, Case Study,Psychic Distance Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 55-63 Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v10n1-2016/GJBR-V10N1-2016-5.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:10:y:2016:i:1:p:55-63 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jeffry Haber Title: SPLICED CORRELATION: THEORY DEVELOPMENT Abstract: Correlation is a common metric used in portfolio management. It describes the relative movement of two streams of data, allowing inference of how one will behave given the movement of the other. Often a significant correlation relationship (whether it be uncorrelated, positively correlated or negatively correlated) in the long-term is not replicated in shorter term periods. Worse, often the short-term correlation is contradictory to the long-term. Utilizing three sets of data, where the streams of two are interchanged to form one stream at varying points of time could allow the long-term correlation to be also replicated in the short-term. There remain various obstacles to overcome, such as scaling, determination of inflection points and the selection of the data streams. Those are left to be solved in future papers - this paper puts forth the theoretical justification for the concept of spliced correlation. Classification-JEL: G10, G11, G12, G23, G170 Keywords: Correlation, Spliced Correlation, Investing, Portfolio Management Journal: GlobaSPLICED CORRELATION: THEORY DEVELOPMENT l Journal of Business Research Pages: 65-69 Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v10n1-2016/GJBR-V10N1-2016-6.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:10:y:2016:i:1:p:65-69 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christina Kleinau Author-Name: Christian Kretzmann Author-Name: Henning Zülch Title: MINIMIZING CORPORATE SOCIAL IRRESPONSIBILITY TO MAXIMIZE SOCIAL WELFARE Abstract: This paper turns traditional ideas about the responsibility of corporations upside down by arguing that it is not conducive to aim to maximize corporate social responsibility (CSR). Instead, corporations should embrace their social responsibility by working to minimize corporate social irresponsibility (CSI). It is more straightforward to minimize tangible sources of business and/or reputational risk, such as environmental damage or child labor in the supply chain, than to maximize a construct for which a generally accepted definition is still pending. What’s more, this enables a corporation to use its core business competencies and expertise to maximize social welfare by protecting those societal resources which are relevant to its own value creation process. Thereby, the demand that corporations accept responsibility for a broad range of stakeholders is met but the importance of profits as the fundamental measure of a corporation’s capability to create value for society is not undermined. Failing to introduce this conception means maintaining the status-quo whereby the net societal benefit of corporations’ CSR activities is questionable and the opportunity costs are high as CSI issues and the detrimental effects thereof on corporations’ core business and societal stakeholders will remain unmanaged. Classification-JEL: M14, D60, G38 Keywords: Business Ethics, Corporate Mission, Corporate Social Irresponsibility, Corporate Social Responsibility, Incentives, Risk Management, Shareholder Value Principle, Sustainability Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 71-91 Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v10n1-2016/GJBR-V10N1-2016-7.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:10:y:2016:i:1:p:71-91