Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I-Hsin Chien Author-Name: Yu-Ju Chen Author-Name: Tsun-Jui Hsieh Title: CEO COMPENSATION AND EARNINGS SENSITIVITY: A PERSPECTIVE FROM CEO DUALITY Abstract: The design of chief-executive-officer (CEO) compensation influences a CEO’s decisions and the degree to which the company in question values foreign and domestic earnings. This study explores how CEO compensation structure influences foreign and domestic earnings. This study investigates 1,393 listed and over-the-counter companies from 2001 to 2004. The results show that when a CEO also serves as the chairperson of the board of directors, the design of CEO compensation does not assign high weighting to foreign earnings. By contrast, when a CEO is not the chairperson of the board of directors, the design of CEO compensation assigns significantly high weighting to foreign earnings. This research is one of the few studies that explore the influence of a CEO who also serves as the chairperson of the board of directors on CEO compensation composition. The findings reveal that agency problems due to a CEO also serving as the chairperson of the board of directors may influence the importance of foreign earnings in relation to CEO compensation. This study substantially contributes to the fields of corporate governance and earnings management Classification-JEL: M41 M52 Keywords: CEO Compensation, CEO Duality, Earnings Sensitivity, Corporate Governance Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 1-13 Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n1-2018/GJBR -V12N1-2018-1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:1:p:1-13 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James L. Kuhle Author-Name: Eric C. Lin Title: EVALUATING REAL ESTATE MUTUAL FUND PERFORMANCE USING THE MORNINGSTAR UPSIDE/DOWNSIDE CAPTURE RATIO Abstract: The purpose of this research is to explore the viability of utilizing the Morningstar upside/downside capture ratio (UDCR) as viable measure of mutual fund risk and its relation to return. This research examines and compares result of the Sharpe ratio to the Morningstar upside/downside capture ratio (UDCR) in an effort to determine if the UDCR might better explain the ex-post performance of the mutual funds examined. Three sectors of 268 mutual funds are examined; these include domestic equity real estate, domestic equity value funds, and global equity real estate as defined and reported on the Morningstar database. This research considers the traditional measures of risk which include the standard deviation of returns along with the Sharpe ratio. The empirical results suggest that UDCR may provide a more accurate fit in explaining real estate mutual fund returns than the Sharpe Ratio Classification-JEL: G10, G11, G17 Keywords: Real Estate, Mutual Funds, Morningstar, Sharpe Ratio Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 15-22 Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n1-2018/GJBR -V12N1-2018-2.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:1:p:15-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kathleen M. Wilburn Author-Name: H. Ralph Wilburn Title: THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON BUSINESS AND SOCIETY Abstract: Technology, specifically the interrelationships of Artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and the Internet of things (IoT), is accelerating its ability to help businesses do more with less and provide better results. Businesses can use technology to decrease time from product idea to product creation and product creation to customer delivery, while using fewer workers. Costs can be cut as automation and robots replace humans who need wages and benefits. Although this will create more products and services at lower prices, it may also decrease the number of consumers for those products and services. There has been significant research in those jobs and activities that can be automated now and in the near future. With jobs disappearing, a new economy is growing that turns employees into contract workers who work from gig to gig in solitude. While this new structure of work may allow some people the work/life balance to pursue their creative goals, for others it may mean a life with no stability or future. The result may be a two-tiered society where the rich can afford expensive products and services, and the poor require governmental assistance because although products can be produced more cheaply, they cannot afford them and so they are not produced Classification-JEL: M0 Keywords: Technology Disruption, Business and Technology, Sharing/Gig Economy, Peer-To-Peer Structure Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 23-39 Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n1-2018/GJBR -V12N1-2018-3.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:1:p:23-39 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ana Isabel Ordonez Parada Title: FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE JOB SATISFACTION OF TELEWORKERS: EVIDENCE FROM MEXICO Abstract: Changes that society undergoes due to factors such as information, communication and changes in organizations, generate new forms of work and different factors of job satisfaction. Telework presents a flexible form of work organization. In view of these changes, teleworkers modify their work processes. The present study identifies factors that influence the job satisfaction of teleworkers in Mexican companies. We analyzed 247 teleworkers from different companies. We worked with the dependent variable teleworker job satisfaction and the independent variables, amount of work, work load, training, environmental conditions, work independence, promotion possibilities, relationship with supervisor, stability and job security. We find that job satisfaction is driven by the tasks assigned to the position, training obtained from the company, the relationship with his supervisor and the environmental conditions of the workplace. Stability, job security and possibilities of promotion and growth statistically have low relation with job satisfaction Classification-JEL: M12, M55, O3, O31, O32 Keywords: Teleworking, Factors, Job Satisfaction, Mexican Companies Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 41-49 Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n1-2018/GJBR -V12N1-2018-4.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:1:p:41-49 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hsiang-Ming Lee Author-Name: Tsai Chen Author-Name: Ya-Hui Hsu Author-Name: Yu-Chi Wu Title: EFFECT OF COMPLEMENTARY PRODUCT FIT AND BRAND AWARENESS ON BRAND ATTITUDE AFTER M&AS: WORD OF MOUTH AS A MODERATOR Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to examine how complementary product fit and awareness influence brand attitude after Mergers and acquisitions (M&As). The study also examined the moderating effect of word of mouth. A survey was conducted with 411 respondents (162 males and 249 females), who completed a questionnaire in Chinese. The results indicated that brand awareness had a positive influence on brand attitude. Regarding the product fit effect, the product fit did not show any significant effect on brand attitude. The results also indicated that WOM had a significant influence on product fit and brand awareness. A few studies have evaluated the effect of brand awareness, product fit and WOM on brand attitude after M&A. The contribution of this research is to help managers understand the potential effects of brand awareness and WOM on the acquirer’s image Classification-JEL: M31 Keywords: Complementary Product Fit, Brand Awareness, Mouth of Mouth, M&As Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 51-67 Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n1-2018/GJBR -V12N1-2018-5.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:1:p:51-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Patricia A. Lapoint Title: ALIGNMENT BETWEEN STRATEGIC PLANNING AND HUMAN RESOURCE PROCESSES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY Abstract: The United States Congress in 1987 voted to enact the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award with the goal of encouraging U.S. businesses and other types of organizations to approach and deploy effective quality processes in the delivery of their products and services. The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award provides a framework of internal assessment for companies to use in their planning and implementation of quality initiatives. Through this internal assessment process, company leadership gains a better understanding of the alignments/linkages within its operations in order to modify its processes for meeting or exceeding customer expectations and requirements. The purpose of the research is to examine the extent of the alignment between strategic planning processes and human resource processes. Eleven manufacturing companies were selected for a site visit. Each of these 11 companies represents a different industry sector, geographical location, and organizational size. Documents searches, personal interviews, and observations were used to collect the data. The initial observations of the alignment between the two categorical variables strategic planning and human resource processes suggest that a moderate to weak alignment is present. Classification-JEL: M1, M540, I210 Keywords: Strategic Planning, Human Resources, Malcolm Baldrige Quality Award, Quality Management Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 69-78 Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n1-2018/GJBR -V12N1-2018-6.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:1:p:69-78 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Isabelle Alphonse Author-Name: Claire Dupont Author-Name: Ferauge Perrine Author-Name: Sylvie Scoyez Title: SENSITIVITY OF DIRECTORS TO WORKPLACE WELLBEING AND RISK MANAGEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN BELGIUM Abstract: This research analyses small and medium enterprises directors' sensitivity to CSR, and more specifically to workplace wellbeing and risk management. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 1,800 directors of Belgian small and medium enterprises to determine their perceptions and actions regarding these two aspects. According to Beaupré et al. (2008), these notions can form part of socially responsible human resources management. The 220 directors who answered our survey feel that good relations with and between their employees, as well as clear objectives, contribute to workplace wellbeing. Although 85% of directors view employee wellbeing as an objective for their small and medium enterprise, just 68% assess occupational risks, the motivations being to comply with the regulatory framework but also to improve working conditions. Classification-JEL: M1, I3, L2 Keywords: Wellbeing, Risk Management, Small and Medium Enterprise (SME), Sensitivity, CSR Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 79-92 Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n1-2018/GJBR -V12N1-2018-7.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:1:p:79-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Satoshi Tomita Title: CREATING RESEARCH INVENTIONS BY COMBINATION OF MULTIPLE THEORIES AND CONCEPTS: AN IMPLICATION FROM DEVELOPING A NEW MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR CORPORATE ALLIANCES Abstract: A mathematical model to express the mutual complementary relationship between two companies during the matching phase in a corporate alliance was developed recently. The model made possible the computational expression of the relationship as a value. The developers applied the methodology of modeling in cyber informatics of computer science to the research of corporate alliances. Additionally, the developers combined the theoretical framework of Resource-Based View (RBV) with the concept of flow in physics and the concept of Give and Take in psychological science. The combination of these theories and concepts lead to the successful construction of a brand new mathematical model. The model was implemented by programmatic means, which proved its validity. In this way, the combination of multiple theories and concepts has proven to be the key factor for creating new inventions in management studies. These days, research activities including the management field are becoming progressively mature, much more segmented, and increasingly specific. As a result of this, researchers tend to concentrate only on a single theory, framework or discipline. This trend obstructs the creation of new inventions in management studies. This paper asserts that the combination of multiple theories and concepts by importing them from other different scientific fields is significantly important and useful, and is a key to success for innovation in research activities. Classification-JEL: C60 Keywords: Mathematical Model, Corporate Alliance, Resource-Based View (RBV), Combination of Multiple Theories, Creation of Inventions Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 93-103 Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n1-2018/GJBR -V12N1-2018-8.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:1:p:93-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karla Liliana Haro-Zea Title: IMPACT OF MIGRANT REMITTANCES ON THE FOOTWEAR INDUSTRY IN GUANAJUATO Abstract: This research examines the perception footwear industry workers in the State of Guanajuato. The paper also explores the impact of migrant remittances on the industry. The most important region in Mexico for its footwear production is the State of Guanajuato. It is also a leading State for high migration. This research is quantitative, descriptive, and transversal. A convenience sample was selected to meet certain criteria. Fifty workers were surveyed in footwear distribution and sales centers in the municipality of León Guanajuato, Mexico. An instrument consisting of 21 items and 3 constructs was used. The study shows that only a third of migrants invest in the footwear industry. The difference is invested in agriculture, in the construction of their homes, and in maintaining of their families. In addition, 44% of respondents know at least one person deported and believe that many of them will try to cross the border again out of necessity Classification-JEL: O150, R59 Keywords: Migration, Local Development, Sustainability, Industry Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 105-114 Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n1-2018/GJBR -V12N1-2018-9.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:1:p:105-114