Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kurt Schobel Author-Name: Peter Drogosiewicz Title: ADOPTION OF THE BALANCED SCORECARD BY MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS: EVIDENCE FROM CANADA Abstract: This paper examines the evolving adoption of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in municipal governments. We conduct a study of the use of BSCs in municipal governments across Canada. Senior administrators are surveyed regarding the use of performance measures and the results are compared to a similar study conducted in 2004. The results show that municipal governments continue to focus primarily on financial metrics. Adopters recognize the value of a BSC and most no longer see the BSC as a fad or as a set of ad-hoc measures. They recognize the BSC is a valuable tool that links the municipality¡¯s mission and strategy to objective measures. This paper extends the literature on the BSC by identifying a growing desire to improve performance measurement within Canadian municipalities. In addition, understanding the needs, concerns, and reasons for not implementing a BSC will provide practitioners with the necessary information to develop BSC tools that work for a municipal government Classification-JEL: M490, H70 Keywords:Balanced Scorecard, Public Sector, Performance Measurement Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 1-14 Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n2-2018/GJBR -V12N2-2018-1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:1-14 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kelly C. Mullen Title: EVIDENCE OF THE IMPACT OF LEADER STATUSRELATED BEHAVIORS ON ORGANIZATIONAL OUTCOMES IN FINANCIAL SERVICE FIRMS Abstract: The U.S. financial services industry has been in a state crisis for three decades, precipitated by ethical misconduct within the industry. Regulatory and legislative changes have been introduced, yet the industry¡¯s ethical climate remains largely unchanged. Industry participants have acknowledged the limitations of external intervention and have called for change at the organizational level that specifically targets organizational leadership and culture to promote ethical and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) outcomes. Deming proposed that firms may improve quality through comparative performance assessment with outside industries. This study is modeled after research conducted by Nembhard and Edmondson (2006) to determine whether significant organizational findings from the healthcare industry are reproducible in the financial services industry. This study used a multivariate, experimental design to examine the relationship of professional status and psychological safety on organizational citizenship behavior outcomes, while incorporating the moderating effect of leader inclusiveness. 247 current financial services professionals participated in this study. The study implemented a three-phased analytical process involving latent class analysis, recursive path analysis, and qualitative analysis. The results of the study indicate that professional status influences perceptions of psychological safety and is moderated by leader inclusiveness. The results also confirm that leader inclusiveness has a direct influence on OCB-voice and that psychological safety directly mediates OCB helping and organizational commitment outcomes. The findings of this study provide managerial insights on how organizational leaders in the financial services industry might effectively manage professional status differences to enhance employee perceptions of psychological safety and to stimulate organizational citizenship behavior in employees Classification-JEL: L290, M140, M190 Keywords: Professional Status, Leader Inclusiveness, Team Leader Coaching, Psychological Safety, Financial Services Firms, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Ethical Outcomes Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 15-24 Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n2-2018/GJBR -V12N2-2018-2.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:15-24 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Geczy Title: DATA-ORIENTED BUSINESS MODELS: GAINING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE Abstract: Data has been widely regarded as a new treasure throw for contemporary organizations. Information technology sector has been experiencing a major shift towards data orientation. A recent explosion of digital data has significantly influenced a number of other economic sectors in developed economies. Exponential growth of data is expected to continue in a foreseeable future. Capitalizing on this trend is gradually becoming a necessity for contemporary businesses. Extracting value from data is a substantial challenge. Data acquisition is the starting point. Efficient processing of collected data is the next stage. Suitably processed data is used for designing data products and services. At each stage, there are significant opportunities for value creation and monetization¡ªthe core aspects of business models. Data-oriented activities also provide opportunities for gaining competitive advantage. Despite the growing importance of data-driven innovation, there is a considerable absence of studies addressing data-oriented business models. We explore the essential elements and enablers of viable data-oriented business models and pathways to competitive advantage Classification-JEL: C8, C81, C82, C88, D7, D8, D81, M15 Keywords: Data-Oriented Business Models, Data-Driven Innovation, Data Economy, Data Engineering, Data Products, Data Services, Actionable Knowledge Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 25-36 Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n2-2018/GJBR -V12N2-2018-3.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:25-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fernando Monroy Author-Name: Joel Mendoza Title: THE IMPACT OF HUMAN ERROR FACTORS ON TOP LEVEL STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING: EVIDENCE FROM THE MEXICAN STEEL INDUSTRY Abstract: The strategic decision-making process is a keystone for companies to maintain their competitive advantage and prevail in the future. The purpose of this work was to identify and understand human error factors in the strategic decision-making process that influence bias at executive levels of the Mexican steel industry. Identified factors include emotionality, cognitive complexity, decision timing, and context. There is little experimental evidence to validate the impact of human error factors in this type of strategic decision-making at top levels. This lack of research motivated our present work. During the first phase of this research, a qualitative exploratory study was performed on 11 top executives from the steel-making industry. The analysis of this information reveals that human error is present in strategic decision-making processes. Based on these results, variables were added to the model and the objective of the study was extended for the second phase Classification-JEL: M00, M10, D91 Keywords: Strategic Decision-Making, Human Error, Top Management, Cognitive Bias, Judgment Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 37-51 Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n2-2018/GJBR -V12N2-2018-4.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:37-51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mary Beth McCabe Author-Name: Richard Weaver Title: SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS Abstract: Social media marketing strategies have transformed how organizations interact with their audiences and customers. Social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter are being utilized for communications by nearly every organization. This study looks at how educational organizations who provide services to K-12 educators use social media and judge to what extent it is effective. Social media usage was evaluated to determine if interaction is collaborative, meaningful, and measurable. Data was gathered from the content, frequency and type of messages and a rubric was used to measure the effectiveness of several organizations. The studied educational organizations were found to have quite varied choices for preferred social media and had a great range of effectiveness in the media used. The most effective were found to engage two-way communication with their followers rather than simply broadcasting messages Classification-JEL: M30, M31 Keywords: Social Media, Engaging Customers, Interaction, Effective Marketing, Communications Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 53-62 Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n2-2018/GJBR -V12N2-2018-5.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:53-62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria Jose de Santos Perez Author-Name: Jose Luis Martinez Flores Author-Name: Patricia Cano Olivos Author-Name: Diana Sanchez Partida Title: CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR THE INTEGRATION OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN Abstract: A customer orientation of the supply chain is need for companies that want to generate competitive advantages in the market. Customer orientation is possible when motivated by market research. The participants of a supply chain create compatible philosophies, synchronize their processes and exchange sensitive information regarding levels of inventories and demand. Likewise, when participants meet to jointly plan the creation of an offer of products and services designed to satisfy the wishes, needs and purchasing expectations of customers, the bases of a future logistic integration are established. This work proposes a conceptual model for the integration of the supply chain focused on the client. This article was generated through an exhaustive literature review and serves as a guide for the optimal integration of the members of a supply chain Classification-JEL: O30, N7 Keywords: Supply Chain, Logistics Integration, Strategic Alliance, Competitive Advantage Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 63-71 Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n2-2018/GJBR -V12N2-2018-6.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:63-71 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karla Liliana Haro-Zea Author-Name: Yadira Rosbinelly Haro-Zea Author-Name: Gudiel Roblero-Mazariegos Author-Name: Samanta Sanchez Sanchez Title: CHIAPANECA HANDICRAFT AS A DRIVER OF SUSTAINABLE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT Abstract: This research examines Chiapaneca handicraft as a driver of sustainable local development by artisans. Chiapaneca handicraft sale contributes to the Gross Domestic Product of Chiapa. Chiapaneca handicraft includes a wide variety of products, styles, and designs which represent the art and culture of Chiapas. In this research we study the perception of artisans regarding handicraft contributions to sustainable local development. This is quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional research. Selection of the sample was done for convenience to meet certain criteria. Forty artisans were surveyed within their work area of which twenty are located in Chiapa de Corzo and twenty are located in San Cristobal de las Casas. Both municipalities are in the State of Chiapas, Mexico. For data collection, an instrument based on the ESTEMPLE model was used. The instrument consisted of 11 items and 9 constructs. The study showed that artisans consider no use for technology in their craft work. They determine the product cost to establish the price of their products. The study also shows that artisanal activity has a positive impact in environmental, social and economic terms Classification-JEL: M21, O180, R11 Keywords: Sustainable Development, Handicraft, Strategy Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 73-81 Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n2-2018/GJBR -V12N2-2018-7.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:73-81 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nisha Singh Title: ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF ORGANIC FARMING: EVIDENCE FROM INDIA Abstract: This paper evaluates economic and environmental facets of small, landless and marginal farmers and provides solutions on how farmers can enhance their income with organic farming. A majority of the farming community is resource poor and purchasing fertilizers and chemicals in adequate quantities is beyond their capacity, thus encouraging organic farming. Moreover, Organic farming is favorable for small and scattered agriculture land holders. This paper finds that education was the most effective and compelling component for a farmer to utilize organic farming techniq1ues. Further, environment and financial motives were primary motives behind the farmers¡¯ conversion to organic farming. In addition to the net profit advantage of organic farming, other hidden environmental benefits of organic farming should also be identified to make it more influential Classification-JEL: Q5 Keywords: Diversification, Economic Aspects, Marginal Size, Elasticity, Purchasing Power Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages:83-90 Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n2-2018/GJBR -V12N2-2018-8.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:83-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Isabel Morteo Title: INFLUENCERS AS ENHANCERS OF THE VALUE COCREATION EXPERIENCE Abstract: The figure of the influencer is slowly getting recognized in marketing literature. The importance of their opinions, how they present them to their audience and the level of interaction that this exchange generates represents a powerful channel for organizations to communicate products¡¯ characteristics and attributes. The concept of value co-creation, first proposed by Prahalad & Ramaswamy (2004) explored how the value of a product can be increased through the interaction between an organization and their customers, thus increasing the quality of the experience. It is through the creation of original content that the influencer sets the stage that fosters interaction to explore and sometimes deepen the level of detail with which an influencer expressed their opinion and it is through interacting with their audience that the value assigned to a product or service is increased. Though value co-creation measurement and assessment has been done through a variety of instruments, the dimensions provided by Verleye (2015) will be used as the basis for this analysis, due to the all-encompassing nature of this structure with which to evaluate the complete value co-creation experience. Interviews conducted with 13 influencers engaged in the beauty industry provide the data with which this analysis will be performed Classification-JEL: M310, M370 Keywords: Influencers, Marketing, Value Co-creation, Brands, Communication Channel, Advertising Journal: Global Journal of Business Research Pages: 91-100 Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/gjbres/gjbr-v12n2-2018/GJBR -V12N2-2018-9.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:12:y:2018:i:2:p:91-100