Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Todd Royle Author-Name: Gavin Fox Title: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL STRAIN SELF-REGULATION, AND INFORMAL ACCOUNTABILITY FOR OTHERS Abstract: This research examines the relationship between psychological strain, self-regulation, and informal accountability for others (IAFO). Our study attempts to enhance organizational research by demonstrating the moderating effect of self-regulation, a form of attention control, on the strain and IAFO relationship. We test hypotheses using data collected in an organizational sample of 105 working adults. Findings indicate that self-regulation moderates the strain – IAFO relationship for those who are not able to focus well on specific job tasks. The paper concludes with a discussion of managerial implications, the study’s relevant strengths, limitations and directions for future research. Classification-JEL: M12, M14 Keywords: stress, control, informal accountability for others Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 1-18 Volume:4 Issue: 1 Year: 2011 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v4n1-2011/IJMMR-V4N1-2011-1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:4:y:2011:i:1:p:1-18 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zaharah Ghazali Title: THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIALIZATION AGENTS AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES ON BRAND CONSCIOUSNESS Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate how socialization agents—media, parents, and peers—influence on students’ brand consciousness in apparel and influences differ according to students demographic characteristics. Participants were 230 students in second semester, who undertaking Bachelor of Business Administration in Universiti Utara Malaysia. Overall, peers exert the greatest influence. The results by using Pearson correlation coefficients analyses suggested that, the students’ brand consciousness is, significantly correlated to each socialization factor. However, of the media related analysis, only movie viewing shows a significant correlation. The other two have significant correlation with parental influence and peer influence. Moreover, significant differences were found for socializations agents and brand consciousness across gender and ethnicity. Family and consumer educators should consider findings of this study as a guide to give better education to students as consumers. Classification-JEL: M3 Keywords: Brand consciousness, socializations agents, young customer, apparel Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 19-29 Volume:4 Issue: 1 Year: 2011 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v4n1-2011/IJMMR-V4N1-2011-2.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:4:y:2011:i:1:p:19-29 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alicia Cavazos-Garza Title: WORK AND FAMILY CONFLICT: A COMPARISON BETWEEN AMERICAN AND MEXICAN WOMEN Abstract: Although many believe that work and family conflict (WFC) is a social issue, its scope is ample due to its causes and consequences. In the organizational ground, WFC has been found to affect important outcomes such as job satisfaction, commitment, and turnover. Additionally, there is a need to validate the structures that have been proposed and assess their validity in other settings. This study proposed a model where both dimensions of work and family conflict--work interfering with family and family interfering with work--mediated the effect of four life roles (i.e. career, parent, marital, and homecare) in three organizational outcomes (satisfaction, turnover intention, and commitment). The findings in this study give support to the relationship between the parental role and family interfering with work for the Mexican sample. In addition, homecare role was found to be related with family interfering with work (FIW) conflict in the U.S. sample. I also found support in the relationship between work interfering with family (WIF) and both turnover intention and commitment. On the other hand, the relationship between FIW and job satisfaction as well as turnover intention was supported in the Mexican sample. Classification-JEL: M12, M14, M15, M54 Keywords: work and family conflicts, organizational behavior, cross-cultural studies Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 31-47 Volume:4 Issue: 1 Year: 2011 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v4n1-2011/IJMMR-V4N1-2011-3.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:4:y:2011:i:1:p:31-47 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrzej Kobylanski Author-Name: Radoslaw Szulc Title: DEVELOPMENT OF MARKETING ORIENTATION IN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES EVIDENCE FROM EASTERN EUROPE Abstract: One of the most important aspects that determine an organization’s market position is the entrepreneurs’ approach to market orientation and marketing actions. The aim of this study was to investigate the process of marketing orientation development in SMEs in the country of Eastern Europe, where the economy changed from one of a central planning system to a free market economy. Authors investigated to what extent small firms that have survived long enough on the market are competitive because of their adoption of a marketing orientation. For research purposes authors used theoretical concepts that characterize marketing orientation using five attributes: customer orientation, integrated marketing functions, marketing information, strategic marketing planning and operational effectiveness. The empirical evidence presented in this article suggests that customer orientation is critical for SMEs. However, investigated SMEs often focus on the sales level, which is characteristic for organizations with sales instead of marketing orientation. Classification-JEL: M13, M31, O52 Keywords: marketing orientation, small business, SMEs in Poland Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 49-59 Volume:4 Issue: 1 Year: 2011 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v4n1-2011/IJMMR-V4N1-2011-4.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:4:y:2011:i:1:p:49-59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arup K. Sen Author-Name: Kushnood Haq Title: PRODUCT INNOVATION BY SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED FIRMS THROUGH OUTSOURCING AND COLLABORATION Abstract: This paper assesses the role of outsourcing and inter-firm collaboration to product innovation in Western New York’s small and medium-sized firms (SMFs). Results of an exploratory survey of 100 small and medium-sized manufacturing firms are presented. A major finding of the paper suggests that SMFs are involved in external collaboration to support new product development. A large majority of these firms collaborate with networks of external partners for their core and non-core activities. A collaborative relationship with external entities was hypothesized to support product innovation; however this was not confirmed by the survey results. The results also indicate that in comparison to the levels ten years ago, outsourcing by SMF increased in all five categories of Research and Development (R&D), product development, manufacturing, marketing/sales, and distribution. Comparatively, medium-sized firms tend to outsource non-core activities while smaller firms tend to outsource their core organizational competencies. Classification-JEL: M16 Keywords: SMFs, collaboration, outsourcing, innovation, R&D Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 61-73 Volume:4 Issue: 1 Year: 2011 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v4n1-2011/IJMMR-V4N1-2011-5.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:4:y:2011:i:1:p:61-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jeffrey Wray Author-Name: Daniel Plante Title: MOBILE ADVERTISING ENGINE FOR CENTRALIZED MOBILE COUPON DELIVERY Abstract: During the past decade, the preferred medium for advertising has seen a dramatic shift away from print media and other traditional means of distribution. In 2009 alone, it is estimated that advertising spending dropped by between 10 and 20 percent for newspapers, consumer magazines, radio, and television while increasing an estimated 9.2 and 18.1 percent in Internet and mobile advertising respectively. Driven by the high cost of print media, lower redemption rates on print coupons, and correspondingly higher redemption rates for mobile and Internet coupons, companies are beginning to adopt and develop mobile campaign management strategies to adapt to the changing market. However, presently the majority of mobile and Internet campaign management platforms are developed on a merchant-by-merchant basis. Customers must either download a separate mobile phone app or visit and register at a different web site for each merchant to obtain their coupons. In this paper, we present a more centralized coupon distribution approach using a Mobile Advertising Engine that aggregates coupons from multiple corporations, tracks point of sales redemption, and reports campaign effectiveness using a mobile marketing and reporting platform. Classification-JEL: M3; O3 Keywords: Marketing, technologies Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 75-85 Volume:4 Issue: 1 Year: 2011 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v4n1-2011/IJMMR-V4N1-2011-6.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:4:y:2011:i:1:p:75-85 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Perunjodi Naidoo Author-Name: Prabha Ramseook-Munhurrun Author-Name: Premita Seegoolam Title: AN ASSESSMENT OF VISITOR SATISFACTION WITH NATURE-BASED TOURISM ATTRACTIONS Abstract: Nature-based tourism is an important component of the tourism industry and has experienced significant growth during recent years. Nature-based tourism attractions (NBTA) can provide substantial economic gains to both host communities and tourism businesses. To sustain the growth of NBTA and maintain its associated benefits, it is important to ensure that the visitors are satisfied with the experiences provided. Despite the importance of delivering visitor satisfaction for NBTA, there is scant literature available on visitor satisfaction with NBTA. The aims of this study is to identify the factors that influence visitor satisfaction with NBTA. The study also analyzes the relationship between NBTA, overall satisfaction and visitor loyalty. Visitor satisfaction was measured using a questionnaire which adopted the perceive-performance theory. The study area for this study was seven NBTA where convenience sampling was used for the selection of the attractions. Data was collected from the on-site survey method with a sample size of 600 NBTA visitors. Statistical analyses were used and hypotheses were tested. Based upon the results of this study, recommendations were made. Classification-JEL: M31 Keywords: Customer loyalty, Customer satisfaction, Mauritius, Nature-based tourism attractions, Willingness to recommend Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 87-98 Volume:4 Issue: 1 Year: 2011 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v4n1-2011/IJMMR-V4N1-2011-7.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:4:y:2011:i:1:p:87-98