Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mei-Lien Li Author-Name: Robert D. Green Author-Name: Farideh A. Farazmand Author-Name: Erika Grodzki Title: CUSTOMER LOYALTY: INFLUENCES ON THREE TYPES OF RETAIL STORES’ SHOPPERS Abstract: Customer loyalty is a major factor for a firm’s success. Loyal customers are less price sensitive. Furthermore, these customers are likely to purchase more frequently, try the firms’ other products and bring new customers tothe firm. This study examines the relationship of shoppers’ characteristics and behavior, and customers’ perception of marketing strategy (product, price, place, promotion), customer value (quality, sacrifice) and relationship quality on customer loyalty. Depending on the type of retail store, convenience, department and hypermarket stores’ loyalty is influenced by several factors, including different marketing strategies (price deals, distribution intensity) and relationship quality (customer satisfaction, trust, commitment). The results have particular implications for further research and for marketing managers. Classification-JEL: M31 Keywords: Customer loyalty, marketing strategy, perceived value, relationship quality Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 1-19 Volume:5 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v5n1-2012/IJMMR-V5N1-2012-1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:5:y:2012:i:1:p:1-19 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Todd Royle Author-Name: Angela T. Hall Title: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN McCLELLAND’S THEORY OF NEEDS, FEELING INDIVIDUALLY ACCOUNTABLE, AND INFORMAL ACCOUNTABILITY FOR OTHERS Abstract: This research examines the relationship between the dimensions of McClelland’s Theory of needs (i.e., needs for power, achievement, and affiliation), felt accountability, and informal accountability for others (IAFO). This study’s aim is to enhance organizational research by demonstrating the mediating effects of informal accountability, on the needs and IAFO relationship. The research tests hypotheses using data collected from 187 working adults. Findings indicate that felt accountability partially mediates the relationship between achievement and affiliation needs and IAFO. The paper concludes with a discussion of managerial implications, the study’s relevant strengths, limitations and directions for future research Classification-JEL: M12, M14 Keywords: Theory of needs, felt accountability, informal accountability for others Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 21-42 Volume:5 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v5n1-2012/IJMMR-V5N1-2012-2.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:5:y:2012:i:1:p:21-42 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Edith Georgina Surdez Author-Name: Norma Aguilar Author-Name: María del Carmen Sandoval Author-Name: Clara Luz Lamoyi Title: THE PROFILE OF SMALL BUSINESS OWNERS: EVIDENCE FROM MEXICO Abstract: The importance of small businesses in the economic and social development of a country is recognized in political and academic circles. In this context, one factor associated with the success of these businesses is the owners characteristics. The purpose of this study is to present a profile of attitudes and entrepreneurial behavior, knowledge, and socio demographic characteristics of small business owners in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico. The study also examines the influence of socio demographic variables on the attitudes of the business owners. The design of the study is non-experimental, transversal and descriptive. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and an analysis of variance. The results generated a profile in which the capacity to negotiate, creativity and leadership are outstanding characteristics. A low propensity to taking risks is also reported. It is clear that entrepreneurs have knowledge in the administration and finances related to their businesses. They are mainly male, married adults, with bachelor degrees, a family background in business, and experience in their line of business. Statistically significant differences were recorded between age and leadership, propensity to take risks and self-confidence Classification-JEL: L26 Keywords: Businessman, Small business, Attitudes and knowledge. Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 43-53 Volume:5 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v5n1-2012/IJMMR-V5N1-2012-3.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:5:y:2012:i:1:p:43-53 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Hadjimarcou Title: AN INVESTIGATION OF INFORMATIONAL VERSUS EMOTIONAL ADVERTISING APPEALS DURING LIFE TRANSITIONS Abstract: The traditional family life cycle model explains the consumption behavior of individuals and households during a set of temporal periods in consumers’ lives. Yet, these seemingly distinct periods in one’s life may overlook times at which considerable consumer activity takes place, whether it deals with increasing product awareness, trial, evaluation, and/or purchase. In a study of consumption behavior issues related to primary life changes or transitions, we examined emotional and informational advertising appeals using expectant mothers as our subject population. The findings suggest that expectant mothers view informational appeals more favorably than emotional appeals. Implications of the study’s results for researchers and practitioners are provided Classification-JEL: M300, M310, M370, M390 Keywords: marketing, primary life changes, life transitions, advertising appeals, expectant parents Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 55-65 Volume:5 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v5n1-2012/IJMMR-V5N1-2012-4.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:5:y:2012:i:1:p:55-65 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Leonor González Menorca Author-Name: Rubén Fernández-Ortiz Author-Name: Mónica Clavel San Emeterio Title: GLOBAL START-UP PROFILES: EVIDENCE FROM THE SPANISH WINE PRODUCING SECTOR Abstract: For decades, terms such as born global, global start-up and international new venture have been used by researchers to define a new typology of companies which are characterized by an international projection of their activities from their creation. Nevertheless, few studies have examined the internal configuration of this kind of company, or on the identification and analysis of differences in the set of resources and capabilities between traditional companies and global start-up companies. The main goal of this research is to identify the resources and capabilities profile of those companies characterized as global start-up, and compare this profile with that of traditional companies. The application of multivariate analysis to a sample of 257 companies belonging to the Spanish wine-producing sector shows the existence of significantly differentiated resources and capabilities profiles for the two kinds of companies. These differences are mainly in financial, human, and relational resources. Classification-JEL: M16 Keywords: Resource-Based View, Born Global, Internationalization Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 67-78 Volume:5 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v5n1-2012/IJMMR-V5N1-2012-5.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:5:y:2012:i:1:p:67-78 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Grace Oluyemisi Akinola Title: EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION ON PERFORMANCE IN THE NIGERIAN BANKING INDUSTRY Abstract: The study assessed the effects of globalization on the performance of Nigerian banks. Primary and secondary data were used for the study. Random sampling technique was used in selecting 30% of marketers. A while purposive sampling was used to select two top management staff in the marketing departments at the headquarters of each bank and fifty customers each from the 25 banks. Primary data were obtained from two questionnaires administered to marketers and customers of the banks. Interviews were also conducted with top management staff in the marketing departments of the banks. Secondary data on variables such as profit before and after tax, deposits, assets, capital base, loans, interest rates, ownership structure, and number of branches of Foreign Banks in Nigeria, among others were collected from the banks. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The results showed that globalization had significant and positive effects on the performance of banks. Higher profitability was a result of wider market coverage of banks in the country, both locally and internationally. The study concluded that globalization had no significant effect on market structure but greatly improved the performance of banks in Nigeria. Classification-JEL: C33, F36, G2, L1, N20 Keywords: SCP, multicollinearity, profit before tax, structure, shareholders’ funds, Nigeria Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 79-94 Volume:5 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v5n1-2012/IJMMR-V5N1-2012-6.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:5:y:2012:i:1:p:79-94 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mahmoud A. Elgamal Title: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF FEMALE LEADERSHIP IN THE ARAB WORLD Abstract: The objective of the study is to explore and assess the rise of female leaders in the Arab World and their\ strategies for success. Several scholars in the area of leadership have projected the beginning of a new leadership paradigm with increasing numbers of female leaders. The premise is that female leaders are more in tune with the transformational leadership paradigm. In addition, they have the most effective dimensions of the transactional style. The study sample included 101 female leaders from Kuwait, Egypt and Tunisia. Data were collected using a questionnaire and interviews. The study results suggest a paradigm shift in the Arab World is occurring. Furthermore the results are consistent with the current literature regarding female leaders as very competent. Specifically female leaders were perceived as superior as male leaders with respect to the following characteristics: cooperation, aggressiveness, competitiveness and concern about interpersonal relationships. Some differences were found between Arab countries. Conceptual implications relate to leadership paradigm and empirical implications are relate to training and development programs, organizational practices and organization culture. Classification-JEL: M10 Keywords: Female leaders, Male leaders, transformational leadership, transactional leadership, nurturing, strategies of success Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 95-102 Volume:5 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v5n1-2012/IJMMR-V5N1-2012-7.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:5:y:2012:i:1:p:95-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name:Somkiat Mansumitrchai Author-Name:Candy Chiu Title: ADOPTATION OF INTERNET BANKING IN UAE: FACTORS UNDERLYING ADOPTION CHARACTERISTICS Abstract: Technological development has provided tremendous benefits for many industries, including the banking business. The diffusion of internet banking has been witnessed in many countries worldwide. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) recently is one of the most significant economies in its region and in the global arena. Internet banking has been utilized for many years in UAE, and the number of internet banking adopters in UAE has increased steadily. The main focus of this paper was to identify the characteristics of UAE consumers and their attitudes toward the internet banking. Factor analysis suggested seven characteristics important for internet banking adoption, namely compatibility, difficulty, security, trust, third party concern, status, and human contact. Analysis of variance showed that adopters and nonadopters differed on their attitudes toward three factors of adoption: compatibility, trust and human contact. No significant differences were found between attitudes of adopters and non-adopters toward the issues of security, third party concern and status. An interesting finding was that human or physical contact and trust were the most important factors for non-adopters Classification-JEL: M31, N25 Keywords: Internet banking, adopters and non-adopters of Internet banking, United Arab Emirates Journal: International Journal of Management and Marketing Research Pages: 103-115 Volume:5 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/ijmmre/ijmmr-v5n1-2012/IJMMR-V5N1-2012-8.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:ijmmre:v:5:y:2012:i:1:p:103-115