Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name:Ailin Padilla Gonzalez Title: THE IMPACT OF THREE FREE TRADE AGREMENTS ON PUERTO RICO EXPORTS, IMPACTO DEL TRATADO DE LIBRE COMERCIO DE AMERICA DEL NORTE, LA UNION EUROPEA Y EL TRATADO DE LIBRE COMERCIO PARA REPUBLICA DOMINICANA Y CENTRO AMERICA EN LAS EXPORTACIONES DE PUERTO RICO Abstract: Recent years have been characterized by growth in trade, globalization, integration of commercial agreements, and commercial zones worldwide. Some important commercial agreements at the regional and global level are the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the European Union (EU), and the Dominican Republic - Central America Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA). Puerto Rico, as a territory of the United States, is a participant in these global commercial agreements. Puerto Rico’s Economy, especially in the area of manufacturing, faces great opportunities, but also great challenges and threats. This paper analyzes the impact of the NAFTA, EU and DR-CAFTA on Puerto Rico’s Economy. The results show that Puerto Rico exports to TLC y CAFTA-DR have increased. Classification-JEL: F14 Keywords: Exports, Trade, Economic Growth Journal: Revista Internacional Administraction and Finanzas Pages: 1-12 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/riafin/riaf-v5n4-2012/RIAF-V5N4-2012-1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:riafin:v:5:y:2012:i:4:p:1-12 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eduardo Ahumada-Tello Author-Name: Robert Efrain Zarate Cornejo Author-Name: Ismael Plascencia Lopez Author-Name: Juan Manuel Alberto Perusquia Velasco Title: PRODUCTIVITY MODEL BASED ON KNOWLEDGE- THE CASE OF THE INFORMATION TECNOLOGY PYMES IN BAJA CALIFORNIA, MODELO DE COMPETITIVIDAD BASADO EN EL CONOCIMIENTO: EL CASO DE LAS PYMES DEL SECTOR DE TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMACION EN BAJA CALIFORNIA Abstract: Many public and private agencies encourage industrial clusters. These agencies seem to agree that organizations in each cluster need to determine the axes of competitiveness. One cluster is the software industry cluster. This cluster requires personnel with technical skills that require knowledge and training in the areas of mathematics and computer science. In this study, we examine intellectual capital and business intelligence (BI) in the technology cluster in Baja California. We also analyze the influence of sectorial association and its impact on competitiveness from a knowledge management approach. The most relevant finding’s that actions taken in the clustering level impact competitiveness development. Classification-JEL: L84, L86 Keywords: Intellectual capital, competitiveness, business intelligence, clustering, knowledge management Journal: Revista Internacional Administraction and Finanzas Pages: 13-27 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/riafin/riaf-v5n4-2012/RIAF-V5N4-2012-2.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:riafin:v:5:y:2012:i:4:p:13-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria del Carmen Armenteros Acosta Author-Name: Manuel Medina Elizondo Author-Name: Laura Lorena Ballesteros Medina Author-Name: Victor Molina Morejon Title: MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES INNOVATION: THE CASE OF PIEDRAS NEGRAS, COAHUILA, MEXICO, LAS PRACTICAS DE GESTION DE LA INNOVACION EN LAS MICRO, PEQUENAS Y MEDIANAS EMPRESAS: RESULTADOS DEL ESTUDIO DE CAMPO EN PIEDRAS NEGRAS COAHUILA, MEXICO Abstract: Innovation is an efficient way for a company to differentiate itself from competitors and to build a sustainable competitive advantage. It is imperative to raise productive capacity to innovate and to evaluate firms’ technology performance. The aim of this study was to characterize the level of innovation of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the industrial sector of the City of Piedras Negras and evaluate the best management practices for those companies that innovate. Some 73 MSMEs companies participate in this study. A case analysis was undertaken in four companies using an instrument designed by the National Model of Technology Management, and other sources. The results allow us to visualize the differences in behavior of innovative practices in companies according size. Strengths and weaknesses were detected, as well as internal and external variables that influence the innovation process. The information and analysis provides basic guidance for define strategies to encourage innovation. Classification-JEL: O32 Keywords: Innovation, Innovation Management, Assessment of innovation Journal: Revista Internacional Administraction and Finanzas Pages: 29-50 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/riafin/riaf-v5n4-2012/RIAF-V5N4-2012-3.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:riafin:v:5:y:2012:i:4:p:29-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zoltan Veres Author-Name: Laszló Sajtos Title: PROJECT COMPETENCE AND PERCEIVED RISK, COMPETENCIAS Y GESTION DE RIESGOS DE LOS ACTORES DE PROYECTOS Abstract: Project-competence has a role in perceived risk. Our research objective was to detect project- actors’ presumptions about performance risk in relation to the supplier’s expected performance. We investigated investment projects with significant and insignificant tangible content. By exploring project actors’ perceived performance risk we can better understand project-competences and their relationship to perceived risk. Classification-JEL: G32, D81 M31 Keywords: projects, competences, risks Journal: Revista Internacional Administraction and Finanzas Pages: 51-62 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/riafin/riaf-v5n4-2012/RIAF-V5N4-2012-4.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:riafin:v:5:y:2012:i:4:p:51-62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jorge Hernandez Palomino Author-Name: Jose de Jesus Espinoza Author-Name: Jose Luis Anaya Carrasco Author-Name: Manuel Aguilar Arellano Title: INTERNATIONAL COALITIONS FORMATION FOR SUPPLY CHAIN DEVELOPMENT: CASE ELECTRICS CO., ADMINISTRACION DE PRACTICAS DE CONOCIMIENTO COLABORATIVO EN LAS CADENAS DE SUMINISTROS: CASO ELECTRICS, S.A. Abstract: We present a descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional analyzes of the practices of collaborative knowledge management (CKMP) and formation of coalitions for supply chain development. This study seeks to systematically investigate problems concerning the development of knowledge about supply chains and to present a process for successful adoption and implementation of supply chains. Factor analysis was used to identify elements that affect the supply chain in relation to the technological infrastructure used in Li’s Model. Q-sort methodology was used to pre assess convergence and discriminant validity of the instrument measuring. This study presents a clear definition of the practices in supply chains. The results presented may contribute to a better understanding the supply chain environment. Classification-JEL: J24, O33, L21 Keywords: productive companies, technological infrastructure, SMEs Journal: Revista Internacional Administraction and Finanzas Pages: 63-72 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/riafin/riaf-v5n4-2012/RIAF-V5N4-2012-5.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:riafin:v:5:y:2012:i:4:p:63-72 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gloria Munoz del Real Author-Name: Lourdes Patricia Escobar Perez Author-Name: Juan Benito Vela Reyna Title: ASSESSMENT OF SHEEP AND GOAT ACTIVITY THROUGH A VALUE CHAIN, LA ACTIVIDAD OVINOCAPRINA EVALUADA A TRAVES DE LA CADENA DE VALOR Abstract: This research evaluates the results of a Rural Development Program of the Baja California Alliance for the Countryside (2000 – 2005). Though this program, the Mexican Government encouraged small species livestock farming activities. The program provided economic support and capacity building to producers in order to add value to small livestock farming and thereby support regional development. Of particular interest is the value added achieved by small livestock farming. The results show the support program for sheep and goat farms did not meet expected results. In 2006 100% of producers who received economic support abandoned small livestock farming (goats and sheep). Classification-JEL: Q13, R11 Keywords: value chain, sheep and goats producers, rural development, competitive advantage Journal: Revista Internacional Administraction and Finanzas Pages: 73-84 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/riafin/riaf-v5n4-2012/RIAF-V5N4-2012-6.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:riafin:v:5:y:2012:i:4:p:73-84 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rafaela Martinez Mendez Title: STRATEGIC ANALYSIS OF SMALL CONSTRUCTION BUSINESSES IN PUEBLA MEXICO, ANALISIS ESTRATEGICO EN LAS PEQUENAS EMPRESAS DE LA CONSTRUCCION EN PUEBLA MEXICO Abstract: This paper presents a study of strategy implementation in the small construction company sector of Puebla. The goal is to understand the particularities of small companies and the possible threats, opportunities, markets in which products are targeted and the types of strategies used. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 44 small businesses that participate in this study. The research answers the following questions: What are the characteristics of small construction companies located in the State of Puebla? What are the strategies implemented by small construction companies to survive in the market? Classification-JEL: L22, L22 Keywords: Strategy, such strategies, small business Journal: Revista Internacional Administraction and Finanzas Pages: 85-96 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/riafin/riaf-v5n4-2012/RIAF-V5N4-2012-7.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:riafin:v:5:y:2012:i:4:p:85-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alda Graciela Olivas Ugalde Author-Name: Cruz Elda Macias Teran Author-Name: Leonel Rosiles Lopez Author-Name: Jessica Lizbeth Cisneros Martinez Title: STRATEGIC PLANNING PROCESS IN DENTAL CLINICS: EVIDENCE FROM MEXICALI, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO, LA PLANEACION ESTRATEGICA EN LAS CLINICAS ODONTOLOGICAS DE MEXICALI, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO Abstract: This study analyzes the strategic planning process of the dentistry sector. We select dental clinics registered in Dental Surgeons Association of Mexicali, Baja California for analysis. The purpose of this research is to determine if dental surgeons know, apply and perceive strategic planning as a tool to forecast and achieve higher performance. A probabilistic method based on a sample of 54 dentists was used involving a questionnaire of 20 items. The results show that 51.8% of dentists do not know strategic planning and 55.5% do not use strategic planning due a lack of knowledge. We conclude that business administration issues should be included in dentistry education. Classification-JEL: I10, I20, L2, M1 Keywords: Strategic planning, administration, dental clinics, dentist, business Journal: Revista Internacional Administraction and Finanzas Pages: 97-106 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/riafin/riaf-v5n4-2012/RIAF-V5N4-2012-8.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:riafin:v:5:y:2012:i:4:p:97-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Berta Ermila Madrigal Torres Author-Name: Ricardo Arechavala Vargas Author-Name: Rosalba Madrigal Torres Title: THE ENTREPRENEUR AND SOCIAL CAPITAL, THE CLUSTER OF SOFTWARE IN JALISCO, EL EMPRENDEDOR Y SU CAPITAL SOCIAL: CASO EL CLUSTER DEL SOFTWARE EN JALISCO Abstract: In this study, we identify the Jalisco Software sector’ social capital. We base our study on the theories of Coleman (1990), Bourdieu (1980) and Putman (1993) to identify the employer (Coleman), the employer's social structure (Bourdieu), and institutionalized networks of sector development (Putman), we seek to answer to the following research questions: How Social capital in the Jalisco Software sector is developed? What has this sector learned? What type of collaborative networks exists? How to build social capital in Software Sector? A survey was used in the analysis. The results show that the Software SMES, with the support of the local or state government and entrepreneurial leaders, developed networks of collaboration and cooperation networks and social capital for the period from 2004 to 2012. Classification-JEL: G34, Z13 Keywords: Mergers, enterprising course, networks of cooperation, collaboration networks Journal: Revista Internacional Administraction and Finanzas Pages: 107-120 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/riafin/riaf-v5n4-2012/RIAF-V5N4-2012-9.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:riafin:v:5:y:2012:i:4:p:107-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria del Carmen Ancona Alcocer Author-Name: Manuela del S. Camacho Gomez Author-Name: Cecilia Garcia-Munoz Aparicio Title: MOTIVATION IN THE UNIVERSIDAD JUAREZ AUTONOMA DE TABASCO ADMINISTRATIVE EMPLOYEES, MOTIVACION LABORAL EN EMPLEADOS ADMINISTRATIVOS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD JUAREZ AUTONOMA DE TABASCO Abstract: Employee motivation is a key element in achieving greater professional efficiency. In this study, academic workplace motivation is analyzed the Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. The study design is non-experimental, transectional and descriptive. The investigation results show that even though two different academic divisions were studied, they have homogenous motivational levels. Moreover, we find that economic incentives, life stability and interpersonal relations are key elements in achieving motivation and professional efficiency. Classification-JEL: M52, M12, M14 Keywords: Labor motivation, administrative employees, organizational structure Journal: Revista Internacional Administraction and Finanzas Pages: 121-134 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/riafin/riaf-v5n4-2012/RIAF-V5N4-2012-10.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:riafin:v:5:y:2012:i:4:p:121-134 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sonia Elizabeth Maldonado-Radillo Author-Name: Ana Ma. Guillen Jimenez Author-Name: Rafael Ernesto Carranza Prieto Title: ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AMONG PUBLIC UNIVERSITY ACADEMIC AND ADMINISTRATIVE EMPLOYEES, EL COMPROMISO ORGANIZACIONAL DEL PERSONAL DOCENTE Y ADMINISTRATIVO DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD PUBLICA Abstract: We present correlational-descriptive, nonexperimental analysis of organizational commitment of employees at a public university. The purpose of this research is to identify the level of organizational commitment in academic and administrative employees and determine if there are significant differences between academic and administrative commitment. We used the Meyer & Allen’s Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) measure of organizational commitment. Some 156 academic and administrative employees of a public university participate in this study. The global questionnaire rating had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.83 The results confirm that employees have a good level of organizational commitment. We also find significant differences between organizational commitment of academic and administrative personnel. Classification-JEL: M12 Keywords: Organizational commitment, universities employees, public universities Journal: Revista Internacional Administraction and Finanzas Pages: 135-142 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://www.theibfr2.com/RePEc/ibf/riafin/riaf-v5n4-2012/RIAF-V5N4-2012-11.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:ibf:riafin:v:5:y:2012:i:4:p:135-142